FIR process explained
Understand what an FIR is, when police must register it, what details to include, and what to do if registration is refused.
An FIR is the first formal record of information about a cognizable offence. It starts the criminal investigation process and creates an official case record.
Step-by-step
- 1Go to the police station with jurisdiction or use online FIR options where available.
- 2Write facts clearly: what happened, where, when, who was involved, and what evidence exists.
- 3Ask for the FIR number and a free copy after registration.
- 4Read the FIR carefully before signing or acknowledging it.
- 5If refused, escalate to senior police officers or seek legal help for court remedies.
What to include
Include date, time, place, sequence of events, accused details if known, witnesses, evidence, loss, injuries, and your contact details.
Zero FIR
In some situations, police may register a Zero FIR even if the incident occurred outside their local jurisdiction, then transfer it to the correct station.
After FIR registration
Police may investigate, collect evidence, record statements, arrest where lawful, and eventually file a report before the court.
Frequently asked questions
Is an FIR copy free?
A complainant should receive a copy of the FIR. Ask for the FIR number and copy at the police station.
Can police refuse FIR registration?
If the information discloses a cognizable offence, refusal can be challenged through senior officers or legal remedies.
Can I write the complaint myself?
Yes. Keep it factual, chronological, and supported by evidence where possible.