Right to Informed Consent
Patients should understand major treatment risks, alternatives, and costs before consenting.
🗣️ What this means for you
Before surgery, invasive procedures, anaesthesia, or high-risk treatment, the doctor should explain the diagnosis, procedure, major risks, alternatives, likely benefits, and expected costs in a language you understand. Consent should be voluntary, not forced.
Step-by-Step Action Plan
Ask the doctor to explain the diagnosis, treatment options, and risks.
Request an estimated cost and likely hospital stay.
Read consent forms before signing and ask for unclear terms to be explained.
Keep a copy or photo of the signed consent form.
For non-emergency major treatment, consider a second opinion.
⚖️ The Relevant Law
Medical ethics regulations and constitutional right to bodily autonomy (0)
Consent principles under medical negligence law
"Valid medical consent requires disclosure of material information and voluntary agreement by the patient or authorised guardian."
⚠️ Punishment / Penalty
Treatment without valid consent can support medical negligence complaints, consumer claims, or civil/criminal remedies depending on facts.
Required Documents
- 📄Consent form
- 📄Doctor notes
- 📄Estimate or package details
- 📄Second opinion if taken